Tuning Structural and Optical Properties of Copper Oxide Nanomaterials by Thermal Heating and Its Effect on Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Dye

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN

2 Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN

3 Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, School of Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P.R. CHINA

4 epartment of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN

5 Department of Physics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, INDIA

Abstract

In this study, Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using the chemical co-precipitation method and treated at different calcination temperatures. The synthesized CuO NPs have been calcinated at 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results exhibited a decrease in the width of the principle diffraction peak with the temperature rise. Crystallite size was determined by Scherrer’s formula, whereas, the Williamson-Hall method presented drastic variation in size indicating the creation of lattice strain with the rise in calcination temperature. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images showed an increase in grain size and vary from 170 nm – 430 nm. X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) results indicate the formation of CuO NPs and relative Cu contents increased (52.9 to 72.5 Atomic percentage) with temperature. Optical properties are also affected by the calcination temperature and a reduction in bandgap is observed with the increase in temperature. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy spectra of different samples showed identical bonding behavior and no apparent change in bonding was observed. Photo-degradation of Congo Red dye was performed with CuO NPs treated at different temperatures and NPs treated at 500 °C, have shown maximum degradation efficiency in 75 min under visible light.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Andre R.S., Sanfelice R.C., Pavinatto A., Mattoso L.H., Correa D.S., Hybrid Nanomaterials Designed for Volatile Organic Compounds Sensors: A Review, Mater. Des., 156: 154-166 (2018).
[2] Joy J., Mathew J., George S.C., Nanomaterials for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting–Review, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 43(10): 4804-4817 (2018).
[3] Bogue R., Nanomaterials for Gas Sensing: A Review of Recent Research, Sens. Rev., 34(1): 1-8 (2014).
[4] Khot L.R., Sankaran S., Maja J.M., Ehsani R., Schuster E.W., Applications of Nanomaterials in Agricultural Production and Crop Protection: A Review, Crop Prot., 35: 64-70 (2012).
[5] Sajid M.M., Amin N., Shad N.A., Javed Y., Zhang Z., Hydrothermal Fabrication of Monoclinic Bismuth Vanadate (m-BiVO4) Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Toxic Organic Dyes, M.S.E.B., 242: 83-89 (2019).
[6] Sajid M.M., Shad N.A., Javed Y., Khan S.B., Imran Z., Hassan S., Hussain Z., Zhang Z., Amin N., Fast Surface Charge Transfer with Reduced Band Gap Energy of FeVO4/Graphene Nanocomposite and Study of Its Electrochemical Property and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44 (7): 6659-6667 (2019).
[7] Shad N.A., Sajid M.M., Amin N., Javed Y., Akhtar K., Ahmad G., Hassan S., Ikram M., Photocatalytic Degradation Performance of Cadmium Tungstate (CdWO4) Nanosheets-Assembly and Their Hydrogen Storage Features, Ceramics International, 45(15): 19015-19021 (2019).
[8] Shad N.A., Sajid M.M., Haq A-U, Amin N., Imran Z., Anwar H., Ali K., Hussain Z., Younus A., Javed Y., Photocatalytic Investigation of Cadmium Oxide Nanosheets Prepared by Hydrothermal Method, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44(7): 1-7 (2019).
[9] Low F.W., Lai C.W., Recent Developments of Graphene-TiO2 Composite Nanomaterials as Efficient Photoelectrodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: A Review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82:103-125 (2018).
[10] Hodges B.C., Cates E.L., Kim J-H., Challenges and Prospects of Advanced Oxidation Water Treatment Processes Using Catalytic Nanomaterials, Nature Nanotechnology, 13(8): 642-650 (2018).
[11] Sun Y., Liu N., Cui Y., Promises and Challenges of Nanomaterials for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries, Nature Energy, 1(7):16071 (2016).
[12] Carpenter M.A., Mathur S., Kolmakov A., Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Chemical Sensors, Springer Science & Business Media, (2012).
[13] Vayssieres L., On The Design of Advanced Metal Oxide Nanomaterials, International Journal of Nanotechnology, 1(1-2): 1-41 (2004).
[14] Vidyasagar C., Naik Y.A., Venkatesha T., Viswanatha R., Solid-State Synthesis and Effect of Temperature on Optical Properties of CuO Nanoparticles, Nano-Micro Letters, 4(2): 73-77 (2012).
[15] Hansen B.J., Kouklin N., Lu G., Lin I-K., Chen J., Zhang X., Transport, Analyte Detection, and Opto-Electronic Response of p-Type CuO Nanowires, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 114 (6): 2440-2447 (2010).
[16] Sheikholeslami M., Solidification of NEPCM under the Effect of Magnetic Field in a Porous Thermal Energy Storage Enclosure Using CuO Nanoparticles, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 263:303-315 (2018).
[17] Liu X., Sun Y., Yu M., Yin Y., Du B., Tang W., Jiang T., Yang B., Cao W., Ashfold M.N., Enhanced Ethanol Sensing Properties of Ultrathin ZnO Nanosheets Decorated with CuO Nanoparticles, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 255: 3384-3390 (2018).
[18] Jiang T., Bujoli-Doeuff M., Gautron E., Farré Y., Cario L., Pellegrin Y., Boujtita M., Odobel F., Jobic S., Cu2O@CuO Core-Shell Nanoparticles as Photocathode for P-Type Dye Sensitized Solar Cell, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 769: 605-610 (2018).
[19] Yuan J., Zhang J-J, Yang M-P, Meng W-J, Wang H., Lu J-X, CuO Nanoparticles Supported on TiO2 with High Efficiency for CO2 Electrochemical Reduction to Ethanol, Catalysts, 8(4): 171 (2018).
[20] Wang P., Gou X-X., Xin S., Cao F-F, Facile Synthesis of CuO Nanochains as High-Rate Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries, New Journal of Chemistry, 43(17): 6535-6539 (2019).
[21] Heinemann M., Eifert B., Heiliger C., Band Structure and Phase Stability of the Copper Oxides Cu2O, CuO, and Cu4O3, Physical Review B, 87(11): 115111 (2013).
[22] El-Trass A., ElShamy H., El-Mehasseb I., El-Kemary M., CuO Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Optical Properties and Interaction with Amino Acids, Applied Surface Science, 258(7): 2997-3001 (2012).
[23] Rohrer G.S., Structure and Bonding in Crystalline Materials, Cambridge University Press, (2001).
[24] Zhang Q., Zhang K., Xu D., Yang G., Huang H., Nie F., Liu C., Yang S., CuO Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterization, Growth Mechanisms, Fundamental Properties, and Applications, Progress in Materials Science, 60: 208-337 (2014).
[25] Johan M.R., Suan M.S.M., Hawari N.L., Ching H.A., Annealing Effects on the Properties of Copper Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Deposition, Int J Electrochem Sci, 6(12): 6094-6104 (2011).
[26] Raship N., Sahdan M., Adriyanto F., Nurfazliana M., Bakri A., Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Properties of Copper Oxide Films Prepared by Dip Coating Technique. In: AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017. AIP Publishing, p 030121
[27] Wongpisutpaisan N., Charoonsuk P., Vittayakorn N., Pecharapa W., Sonochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles. Energy Procedia, 9: 404-409 (2011).
[28] Zhu H., Han D., Meng Z., Wu D., Zhang C., Preparation and Thermal Conductivity of CuO Nanofluid via a Wet Chemical Method, Nanoscale Research Letters, 6(1): 181 (2011).
[29] Phiwdang K., Suphankij S., Mekprasart W., Pecharapa W., Synthesis of CuO Nanoparticles by Precipitation Method Using Different Precursors, Energy Procedia, 34: 740-745 (2013).
[30] Khashan K.S., Sulaiman G.M., Abdulameer F.A., Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of CuO Nanoparticles Suspension Induced by Laser Ablation in Liquid, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 41(1): 301-310 (2016).
[31] Mallick P., Sahu S., Structure, Microstructure And Optical Absorption Analysis of CuO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-Gel Route, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2(3): 71-74 (2012).
[32] Yang C., Su X., Xiao F., Jian J., Wang J., Gas sensing Properties of CuO Nanorods Synthesized by a Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Method, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 158 (1): 299-303 (2011).
[33] Bhaduri A., Kajal, Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Cupric Oxide (CuO) Nanoparticles: Inexpensive and Abundant Candidate for Light Harvesting. In: AIP Conference Proceedings, AIP Publishing LLC, 2093:020047 (2019).
[34] Mote V., Purushotham Y., Dole B., Williamson-Hall Analysis in Estimation of Lattice Strain in Nanometer-Sized ZnO Particles, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics, 6(1): 6 (2012).
[35] Marou F., Claverie A., Salles P., Martinez A., The Enhanced Diffusion of Boron in Silicon after High-Dose Implantation and During Rapid Thermal Annealing, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 55(1-4): 655-660 (1991).
[36] Hu M.Z-C., Harris M.T., Byers C.H., Nucleation and Growth for Synthesis of Nanometric Zirconia Particles by Forced Hydrolysis, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 198(1): 87-99 (1998).
[37] Mahato T., Singh B., Srivastava A., Prasad G., Srivastava A., Ganesan K., Vijayaraghavan R., Effect of calcinations Temperature of CuO Nanoparticle  on the Kinetics of Decontamination and Decontamination Products of Sulphur Mustard, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 192(3): 1890-1895 (2011).
[38] Gao X., Bao J., Pan G., Zhu H., Huang P., Wu F., Song D., Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Polycrystalline and Single Crystalline CuO Nanorods as Anode Materials for Li Ion Battery, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 108 (18): 5547-5551 (2004).
[39] Kumar R.V., Mastai Y., Diamant Y., Gedanken A., Sonochemical Synthesis of Amorphous Cu and Nanocrystalline Cu2O Embedded in a Polyaniline Matrix. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 11 (4):1209-1213 (2001).
[40] Maruyama T., Copper Oxide thin Films Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition from Copper Dipivaloylmethanate. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 56 (1):85-92 (1998).
[41] Kim S., Umar A., Kumar R., Ibrahim A.A., Kumar G., Facile Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Cocoon-Shaped CuO Nanostructures. Materials Letters, 156:138-141 (2015).
[42] Suresh S., Karthikeyan S., Jayamoorthy K., FTIR and Multivariate Analysis to Study the Effect of Bulk and Nano Copper Oxide on Peanut Plant Leaves. Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices, 1 (3):343-350 (2016).
[43] Anwar H., Rana B., Javed Y., Mustafa G., Ahmad M.R., Jamil Y., Akhtar H., Effect of ZnO on Photocatalytic Degradation of Rh B and Its Inhibition Activity for C. Coli Bacteria. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 91 (1):143-149 (2018).
[44] Shad N.A., Sajid M.M., Javed Y., Ikram M., Hussain M.I., Nawaz S., Afzal A.M., Hussain S.Z., Amin N., Yousuf I., Lamellar Shape Lead Tungstate (PbWO4) Nanostructures as Synergistic Catalyst for Peroxidase Mimetic Activity. Materials Research Express, 7: 015520 (2020).
[45] Kumar M., Das R.R., Samal M., Yun K., Highly Stable Functionalized Cuprous Oxide Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 218:272-278 (2018).

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics