Preparation and Characterization of α-Tocopherol-Loaded Nano-Lipid Carriers: Effect of Lipid Type and Carrier Oil Content

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, PO Box: 91735-147, Mashhad, I.R. IRAN

Abstract

Nano lipid carriers for encapsulating α-tocopherol (α-TC) were successfully fabricated using the hot homogenization method. The effect of oil content and type of lipid on the physicochemical properties of different formulations were investigated. The results showed that α-TC nanocarriers exhibited a small particle size (259.2-379 nm), narrow PolyDispersity Index (PDI) (0.178-0.432), and high Entrapment Efficiency (EE) (95.73-99.22%). Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) of Compritol containing 45% corn oil (α-TC-NC45) was selected as the optimum formulation due to its smaller particle size as well as PDI and higher EE. The Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) data revealed a low degree of crystallinity for α-TC-NC45 with  two crystal forms of α and ß´. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images also revealed an almost spherical morphology for the particles. The α-TC-NC45 was stable concerning particle size, PDI, and EE during a 3-month storage at both 4 and 25 °C. The results suggested that nanostructured lipid carrier of Compritol containing 45% corn oil may be an appropriate delivery system for food and beverage fortification with α-tocopherol.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Waniek S., Giuseppe R., Esatbeyoglu T., Plachta-Danielzik S., Ratjen I., Jacobs G., Nöthlings U.,  Koch M., Schlesinger S., Rimbach G. Lieb W., Vitamin E (α- and γ-Tocopherol) Levels in the Community: Distribution, Clinical and Biochemical Correlates, and Association with Dietary Patterns, Journal of Nutrients, 10: 3 (2017).
[2] Yang Y., McClements D.J., Encapsulation of Vitamin E in Edible Emulsions Fabricated Using a Natural Surfactant, Food Hydrocolloids, 30(2): 712-720 (2013).
[3] Basiri L., Rajabzadeh G., Bostan A., Physicochemical properties and release behavior of Span 60/Tween 60 niosomes as Vehicle for a-Tocopherol Delivery,  LWT - Food Science and Technology, 84: 471-478 (2017). 
[4] Drosou C.G., Krokida M.K., Biliaderis C.G., Encapsulation of Bioactive Compounds Through Electrospinning/Electrospraying and Spray Drying: a Comparative Assessment of Food-Related Applications, Drying Technology, 35:139-162 (2017).
[5] Chanburee S., Tiyabooncheai W., Enhanced Intestinal Absorption of Curcumin in Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Using Mucoadhesive Nanostructured Lipid Carriers, J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 106(2): 734-741 (2018).
[6] Tamjidi F., Shahedi M., Varshosaz J., Nasirpour A., Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC): A Potential Delivery System for Bioactive Food Molecules, Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 19: 29–43 (2013).
[7]Zhang M., Falkeborgm M., Zheng Y., Yang T., Xu X., Formulation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Containing a Mixed Lipids Core, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical Engineering Aspects, 430: 76– 84 (2013).
[8] Matos de Carvalho S., Montanheiro Noronha C., Floriani C.L., Calegari Lino R., Rocha G., Casagrande Bellettini I., José Ogliar P., Manique Barreto P.L., Optimization of α-Tocopherol Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles by Central Composite Design, Industrial Crops and Products, 49: 278-285 (2013).
[9] Mehnert W., Mäder K., Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Production, Characterization and Applications, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 47(2-3): 165–196 (2012).
[10] Rosli N.A., Hasham R., Abdul Aziz A., Design and Physicochemical Evaluation of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier  Encapsulated zingiber zerumbet Oil by d-Optimal Mixture Design, Journal of Technology, 80(3): 105-113 (2018).
[11] Rincón M., Calpena A.C., Fabrega M., Garduño-Ramírez M.L., Espinam M., Rodríguez-Lagunas M.J., García M.L., Abrego G., Development of Pranoprofen Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers to Improve Its Release and Therapeutic Efficacy in Skin
Inflammatory Disorders, Journal of nanomaterials, 8: 1322 (2018).   
[12] Marsanasco M., Márquez A.L., Wagner J.R., Alonso S.V., Chiaramoni N.S., Liposomes as Vehicles for Vitamins E and C: An Alternative to Fortify Orange Juice and Offer Vitamin C Protection After Heat Treatment, Food Research International, 44(9): 3039–3046 (2011).
[13] Das S., Kiong Ng W., Tan R.B.H., Are Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) Better Than Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs): Development, Characterizations and Comparative Evaluations of Clotrimazole-Loaded SLNs and NLCs, European Journal
of Pharmaceutical Science, 47(1): 139–151 (2012).
[14] Tiwari R., Pathak K., Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Versus Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Simvastatin: Comparative Analysis of Characteristics, Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Uptake, International Journal of Pharmaceutics,  415: 232–243 (2011).
[15] Souza I.D.L., Saez V., Campos V.E.B., Mansur C.R.E., Size and Vitamin E Release of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers with Different Liquid Lipids, Surfactants and Preparation Methods, Journal of Macromolecular Symposia, 383(1):1-7 (2019).  
[16] Byun Y., Hwang J.B., Bang S.H., Darby D., Cooksey K., Dawson P.L., Park H.J., WhitesideS.,Formulation and Characterization of α-Tocopherol Loaded Poly 3-Caprolactone (PCL) Nanoparticles, LWT - Food Science and Technology, 44(1): 24-28 (2011).
[17] Luo Y., Zhang B., Whent M., Yu L., Wang Q., Preparation and Characterization of Zein/Chitosan Complex for Encapsulation of α-Tocopherol, and Its in vitro Controlled Release Study, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 85(2): 145–152 (2011).  
[18] Yu Y., Feng R., Yu S., Li J., Wang Y., Song Y., Yang X., Pan W., Li S., Nanostructured Lipid Carrier-Based pH and Temperature Dual-Responsive Hydrogel Composed of Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Poloxamer for Drug Delivery, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 15(114): 462-469 (2018).
[19] Zoghi A., Khosravi-Darani K., Omri A., Process Variables and Design of Experiments In Liposome and Nanoliposome Research, Mini-review in medical chemistry, 18(4): 324-344 (2016).
[20] Basiri L., Rajabzadeh G., Bostan A., α-Tocopherol-Loaded Noisome Prepared by Heating Method and Its Release Behavior, Food chemistry, 221: 620-628(2017).
[21] Fathi M., Varshosaz J., Mohebbi, Shahidi F., Hesperetin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructure Lipid Carriers for Food Fortification: Preparation, Characterization, and Modeling, Food Bioprocess Technology, 6(6): 1464–1475(2013).
[22] Carvalho S.P., Lucas E.F., Gonzálezb G., Spinelli L.S., Determining Hildebrand Solubility Parameter by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy and Microcalorimetry, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 24(12): 1998-2007 (2013).
[23] Qian C., Decker E. A., Xiao H., McClemenD.J.,Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Effect of Carrier Oil and Emulsifier Type on Phase Behavior and Physical Stability,  Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 89(1): 17-28(2012).
[24] Gamboa O.D., Guaraldo Gonçalves L., Ferreira Grosso C., Microencapsulation of Tocopherols in Lipid Matrix by Spray Chilling Method, Procedia Food Science, 1: 1732-1739(2011).
[25] Muller R.H., Radtke M., Wissing S.A., Nanostructured Lipid Matrices for Improved Microencapsulation of Drugs, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 242(1-2): 121-128 (2002).
[26] Sun M., Nie S., Pan X., Zhang R., Fan Z., Wang S.,Quercetin-Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Characteristics Andanti-Breast Cancer Activities in Vitro,Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 113: 15– 24(2014).
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Volume 40, Issue 3 - Serial Number 107
May and June 2021
Pages 715-724

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics