Enhanced Durability and Reactivity of a Portland Cement with Low Phosphogypsum Content

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Laboratoire de Chimie Minérale Appliquée (LR19ES02), Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Campus Universitaire El Manar I, 2092 Tunis, TUNISIE

2 Laboratoire de Production, les Ciments de Bizerte, 7000 Bizerte, TUNISIE

Abstract

Minimizing the environmental impact and optimizing the performance of the cement manufactured is the magic formula sought to define the glorious trio of performance, cost, and environmental impact. The use of industrial by-products such as phosphogypsum can help to achieve the sustainability of the cement industry. An industrial cement series was used to investigate the effect of low phosphogypsum content on Portland cement reactivity with percentages ranging from 1 to 4%.
The raw materials, clinker, gypsum, and phosphogypsum, were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, and the clinker mineralogy was determined by X-ray powder diffraction coupled with the Rietveld method analysis. The reactivity of cement was followed by isothermal calorimetry, compressive strength, conductivity measurement, and thermal analysis. The results revealed that there is an influence of phosphogypsum in this range of composition on the early cement reactivity. However, it may enhance the long-term cement reactivity and the concrete performance. It has been found that the isothermal microcalorimetry analysis method, is able to detect the formation of an exothermic component due to the precipitation of phosphorus in the form of apatite even at very low phosphogypsum integration rates.

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Main Subjects

References

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[5] Tayibi H., et al., Environmental Impact and Management of Phosphogypsum. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(8): 2377-2386 (2009).
[6] Szynkowska M.I., Pawlaczyk A., Rogowski J., Characterization of Particles Transmitted by Wind from Waste Dump of Phosphatic Fertilizers Plant Deposited on Biological Sample Surfaces, Air Quality Monitoring, Assessment and Management, (2011).
[7] Yilmaz V., Isildak Ö., Influence of Some Set Accelerating Admixtures on the Hydration of Portland Cement Containing Phosphogypsum, Advances in Cement Research, 5(20): 147-150 (1993).
[8] Ölmez H., Erdem E., The Effects of Phosphogypsum on the Setting and Mechanical Properties of Portland Cement and Trass Cement. Cement and Concrete Research, 19(3): 377-384 (1989).
[9] Soroka I., Effect of Phosphogypsum on the Properties of Portland Cement, American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 63(12): 1502-1504 (1984).
[10] Bensted J., Early Hydration Behaviour of Portland Cement Containing Tartaro- and Titanogypsum, Cement and Concrete Research, 11(2) (1981).
[11] Chandara C., et al., Use of Waste Gypsum to Replace Natural Gypsum as Set Retarders in Portland Cement, Waste Management, 29(5): 1675-1679 (2009).
[12] Islam G.S., et al., Effect of Phosphogypsum on the Properties of Portland Cement,  Procedia Engineering, 171: 744-751 (2017).
[13] Pliaka M., Gaidajis G., Potential uses of Phosphogypsum: A Review, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 57(9): 1-18 (2022).
[14] Wu F., et al., Highly Targeted Stabilization and Release Behavior of Hazardous Substances in Phosphogypsum,  Minerals Engineering, 189: 107866 (2022).
[15] Zheng K., Zhou J., Gbozee M., Influences of Phosphate Tailings on Hydration and Properties of Portland Cement,  Construction and Building Materials, 98: 593-601 (2015).
[16] Boughanmi S., et al., Does Phosphorus Affect the Industrial Portland Cement Reactivity? Construction and Building Materials, 188: 599-606 (2018).
[17] Nurse, R., The effect of Phosphate on the Constitution and Hardening of Portland Cement. Journal of Applied Chemistry, 1952. 2(12): 708-716.
[18] Kwon W.-T., et al., Effect Of P2O5 And Chloride on Clinkering Reaction, Advances in Technology of Materials and Materials Processing Journal, 7(1): 63-66 (2005).
[19] Liu S., et al., Application of Lime Neutralised Phosphogypsum in Supersulfated Cement, Journal of Cleaner Production,. 272: 122660 (2020).
[20] Labidi I., et al., Critical Research Study of Quantification Methods of Mineralogical Phases in Cementitious Materials. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 55(4): 1127-1137 (2019).
[21] EN N., 196-1, "Méthodes D'essais Des Ciments-Partie 1: Détermination Des Résistances Mécaniques". French Standard (2006).
[22] Scrivener K.L.,  Nonat  A., Hydration of Cementitious Materials, Present and Future, Cement and Concrete Research, 41(7): 651-665 (2011).
[23] Bullard J.W., et al., Mechanisms of Cement Hydration, Cement and Concrete Research. 41(12): 1208-1223 (2011).
[24] Boughanmi S., et al., Natural fluorapatite as a Raw Material for Portland Clinker, Cement and Concrete Research, ( 2018).
[25] Villain G., Thiery M., Platret G., Measurement Methods of Carbonation Profiles in Concrete: Thermogravimetry, Chemical Analysis and Gammadensimetry, Cement and Concrete Research, 37(8): 1182-1192 (2007).
[26] Labidi, I., et al., Effect of Low Calcite Addition on Sulfate Resisting (SR) Portland Cements: Hydration Kinetics at Early Age and Durability Performance after 2 Years, Chemistry Africa, 2(3): 401-414 (2019).

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